The Scientists know about our beautiful planet more than any other object in the universe and the the earth is mentioned in the Quran about 450 times, the Quran devotes many verses to the signs of God on the earth. Because we live on this planet, we are supposed to look for signs of its Creator. Quran Surah 78, Ayah 6-7 : "Have we not made the earth as a wide expanse, and the mountains as pegs? It means that Allah states that the mountains are similar to pegs or wedges. A peg is used to fasten things so they cannot move. We can imagine the crust of the earth as a carpet, and the mountains as the nails that hold the carpet in place. It is now known that the crust of the earth is much deeper under the mountains, which indicate the existence of a root system under high mountains.
Base on recent measurements, the depth of a mountain’s roots reaches 40 miles underground and the highest known mountain reaches only 5.6 miles above ground. The Holy Quran explained the stability of mountain at :
- Surah 16:15 “And He has set up on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with you."
- Surah 16, Ayah 15 " Surah 21, Ayah 31 "And We have set on earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with them."
- Surah 79:32 “And the mountains hath He firmly fixed”
- Surah 27:88 "Thou see the mountains and think them firmly fixed, but they shall pass away as the clouds pass away. (Such is) the artistry of Allah, who disposes of all things in perfect order: for he is well acquainted with all that ye do."
The standing of the mountains according to the Arabic verb indicates stability of ships in the sea as they dock alongside a pier. Ships in this case do not go down because of the upward buoyant force that acts upon the ship. This upward buoyant force is equal to the downward gravitational force; hence the ship stays in equilibrium. The choice of the Arabic verb that indicates the stability of mountains, and its similarity to docking ships, is just beyond human comprehension.
In Quran Surah 27:88 above, Allah states that mountains move like clouds. However, we think that mountains are firmly fixed to the earth. Think...!, if the mountains move, so does the earth. This is an obvious reference to the motion of the Earth, and this information was not available in the seventh century. And.....Muhammad doesn’t have knowledge about all of them (earth, ships, mountains, principle of Archimides, earth density, mountains density, and motion of earth and mountains. If you think that Muhammad knew about any of these subjects, then he must have been a great geologist. But if you think that he had no information about these subjects, then it must be considered factual that the Quran is the authentic Words of God. So the Holy Quran is not the words of Muhammad but the words of God (Allah).
Earthquakes With all our amazing technologies and power to solve complicated equations, yet no scientist is capable of predicting the place and time of the next earthquake. Quran Surah 74:31 "And none can know the Forces of your Lord, except He." All the wealth and power of a human cannot help avoid the consequences of any natural catastrophe. In this case, all people are equal, and earthquakes do not differentiate between powerful or humble, rich or poor, or healthy or sick. An earthquake is a terrifying experience in its suddenness and its power of destruction to shake or uproot the strongest buildings.
The immediate cause of earthquakes is fracturing of crustal rocks.
The Glorious Quran addresses the subject of earthquakes in many places, and one chapter has the earthquake as its title, Surah 99: 1-2 "When the earth is shaken to her utmost convulsion (earthquake), and the earth throws her burden (weights) from within." The Surah refers to the tremendous earthquake and the uprooting that will take place when the present order of the world is dissolved and the new world of Justice and Truth takes its place. The sign used is that of an earthquake which will shake our present material and phenomenal world to its very foundation.This overwhelming event, before the Day of the Judgment, will be a bigger and more far-reaching convulsion than any earthquake we have ever known. Will humans remember the frightful events of the Day of Judgment? Will they continue to neglect the purpose of their creation? How long will they persist in discrediting God and attach human attributes to Him? How long are they going to keep arguing about His Existence and His Unlimited Power? How long are they going to ignore the Quran and the message of Muhammad? Can’t we look at earthquakes and other natural catastrophes in their right prospective? Read what Allah says: Quran 22:1-2 "O mankind! Fear your Lord and be dutiful to Him! Verily, the earthquake of the Hour is a terrible thing. The Day you shall see it, every nursing mother will forget her nursling, and every pregnant one shall drop her load, and you shall see mankind as in a drunken state. Yet they will not be drunken, but the Torment of Allah will be severe."
But before it happen Allah said "When We decide to destroy a town, We (first) send a definite order (to obey Allah and be righteous) to those among them who are given the good things of this life. Then, they transgress therein, and thus the word (of torment) is justified against (them). Then we destroy it with complete destruction." (Quran 17:16)
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Article : http://www.usislam.org/95earth.htm